Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) Outbreak in Pune – Sinhagad Road Area
Important Information for Parents -
A recent outbreak of ‘Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)’ has been identified in the Sinhagad Road area of Pune. Health authorities suspect a link to ‘Campylobacter’ Infection, which is often transmitted through contaminated food or water.
What Is GBS?
GBS is a rare but treatable neurological condition where the immune system attacks the nerves, leading to -
- Weakness in the upper and lower limbs, neck, face, and eyes.
- Tingling or numbness.
- Difficulty walking, swallowing, or breathing in severe cases.
The illness often starts suddenly and can progress over 4 weeks. Some patients may experience rapid worsening, while others may progress more slowly. Severe cases might require ICU admission and ventilatory support. Treatments include injections of IVIg or plasma exchange (similar to dialysis).
How Does Campylobacter Cause GBS?
- ‘Campylobacter Jejuni’ infection can occur after consuming contaminated food or water.
- The infection may lead to diarrhea and abdominal cramps.
- In some individuals, an immune response to the bacteria mistakenly targets nerves, causing GBS within 1 to 3 weeks.
Other known triggers are infections like other viruses including dengue, chikungunya or bacterias which can cause abnormal immune reactions against nerves.
Symptoms of Campylobacter Infection:
- Diarrhea (sometimes bloody)
- Abdominal pain
- Fever
- Nausea or vomiting
If your child experience these symptoms, seek medical attention promptly.
What You Can Do to Protect Yourself & Children:
1. Ensure Safe Drinking Water
- Boil water before drinking.
- Use bottled water if unsure about water safety.
2. Maintain Food Hygiene
- Wash vegetables and fruits thoroughly.
- Cook poultry and meat properly (internal temperature should reach at least 75°C).
- Avoid raw or undercooked food, especially eggs and seafood.
3. Personal Hygiene
- Wash hands with soap and water before eating and after using the toilet.
- Avoid sharing utensils or food during the outbreak.
4. Prevent Cross-Contamination
- Keep raw and cooked foods separate.
- Disinfect kitchen surfaces and utensils after handling raw meat.
Public Health Update:
This is a ‘rare disease’, with an incidence of 0.1–2 per 100,000 people per year. However, in the past 1–2 weeks, there has been a noticeable rise in cases in Pune, particularly around the Sinhagad Road area. Many affected individuals reported diarrhea or respiratory symptoms (e.g., cough, cold) before the onset of GBS. Such outbreaks are often linked to bacterial or viral infections. Authorities are actively investigating the outbreak, while neurologists and other doctors are providing treatment to affected patients. The Neurological Society of Pune reassures the public that this is a ‘treatable condition’ and urges everyone not to panic.
When to Seek Medical Help:
- Sudden weakness in the legs or arms.
- Difficulty walking or numbness.
- Persistent diarrhea, especially if bloody.
- If your child or someone you know develops symptoms, consult a paediatrician.
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